Good hydration is essential for maintaining the overall health and appearance of our skin. One critical aspect of skin hydration is Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL), which refers to the evaporation of water from the skin’s surface. Although the face represents only a small portion of the total skin area, it is the most visible indicator of aging. Managing TEWL is vital to ward off wrinkles and maintain a youthful complexion.
TEWL occurs as water diffuses from the deeper layers of the skin through the epidermis into the surrounding environment. A healthy skin barrier minimizes this water loss, ensuring that the skin remains plump, smooth, and well-hydrated. When this barrier is compromised—whether by environmental factors, harsh skincare products, or natural aging—TEWL increases. This leads to dryness, irritation, and a decline in skin elasticity, which in turn accelerates the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Numerous factors contribute to increased TEWL. Environmental influences such as cold weather, low humidity, and wind can disrupt the skin’s protective barrier, allowing more water to evaporate. Harsh cleansers, over-exfoliation, and skincare products containing alcohol or other irritants can further damage the barrier. In addition, the natural aging process reduces the skin’s ability to retain moisture due to a decline in collagen production and the overall integrity of the skin barrier.
A key strategy in preventing excessive TEWL is the use of effective moisturizers, particularly those containing glycerin. Glycerin is a naturally occurring molecule known for its powerful humectant properties—it acts like a magnet, drawing water out of the air and from the deeper layers of the skin, and delivering it to the outermost layer (the stratum corneum). Available in vegetable, animal, or synthetic forms, glycerin is non-comedogenic, non-allergenic, and gentle, making it suitable for all skin types, including acne and eczema-prone skin. When used at optimal concentrations (typically 5% or less in formulations), glycerin helps maintain skin hydration by keeping water captured on the skin’s surface, thereby ensuring the skin remains smooth, soft, and supple. Additionally, glycerin fortifies and strengthens the skin barrier, which not only reduces TEWL but also shields the skin against environmental irritants and enhances the penetration of other key skincare ingredients like serums.
Internal hydration is equally important. Drinking an adequate amount of water each day is crucial for overall health and directly impacts skin hydration. While individual needs may vary, a common recommendation is to drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water daily—roughly 2 liters. In certain climates or for individuals with higher activity levels, this amount may need to be increased. Proper hydration supports all cellular functions, aids nutrient transport, and helps maintain the skin’s natural moisture balance.
To protect your skin from TEWL, both external and internal strategies should be employed. Externally, it is important to use gentle skincare products that support the skin barrier. This includes using mild cleansers, applying a moisturizer with humectants such as glycerin, and using emollients and occlusives to seal in moisture. In addition, using a humidifier in dry environments can help maintain ambient moisture levels, further protecting the skin. Internally, maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins, antioxidants, and lean proteins will support overall skin health and collagen production.
By combining these approaches—effective topical moisturization with ingredients like glycerin, proper internal hydration, and protection from environmental stressors—you can significantly reduce TEWL and maintain a healthy, youthful complexion. This comprehensive strategy not only preserves skin elasticity and smoothness but also supports the natural regenerative processes necessary for a vibrant appearance.